近30年来,我国沿海海平面平均上升速率为2.6 mm/a,高于全球均值,未来上升趋势还将持续.海平面上升已经并将持续造成海水淹没范围扩大、加剧海洋灾害威胁、破坏典型生态系统健康,对沿海地区经济社会可持续发展提出了重大挑战,这包括海洋灾害造成巨大经济损失、海平面上升加大沿海地区的气候脆弱性和未来面临多因素叠加的风险.此外,海平面上升对我国国土安全造成的威胁不容忽视.为此,建议急需从国家战略层面统筹规划,全面做好海平面上升的适应工作,尤其是解决好沿海经济社会发展中面临的三个问题,即“海平面上升与沿海经济发展的关系问题”、“海平面上升与维护海洋权益的关系问题”以及“海平面上升与近岸生态环境保护的关系问题”,在相关政策法规与管理机制、规划评估与研究、标准规范与工程建设、监测预警能力建设等方面持续推进提高并加以完善.这既是我国应对气候变化的紧迫任务之一,也是实现我国沿海地区经济社会持续平稳较快发展的重要保障.%In the past 30 years, the sea level has been rising at the rate of 2.6mm/a along the China coast, which is higher than the global average and such trend is going on continue. Sea level rising has increasingly expanded the submerged areas, exacerbated the threat of marine disasters and destroyed coastal ecosystems. Sea level rising poses a major challenge to the socio-economic sustainable development in coastal areas, including huge economic losses caused by marine disasters, increasing vulnerability of coastal climate and the risk of multiple factors. Moreover, the threat to national security by sea level rising will also not be ignored. Therefore, in this paper, the strategically planning for the sea level rising adaptation at national level is suggested, especially appropriately assessing and handling the relationships between sea level rising with coastal economic development, with safeguarding national maritime rights and interests and with the coastal ecological and environmental protection. It' s suggest that the following aspects should be continuously improved in China: relevant policies and management mechanisms, research, planning and assessment, technical standards and engineering norms, capacity building on monitoring and early warning, etc. Adaptation to the rising sea level is not only one of the urgent tasks for China to address climate change, but also a prerequisite to the sustainable, stable and rapid social-economic development of the coastal areas in China.
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