饲料组成对银鲳幼鱼生长率及肌肉氨基酸、脂肪酸组成的影响

摘要

研究分析了饲料组成对银鲳(Pampus argenteus)幼鱼特定生长率(SGR)及肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成的影响.实验共设4组不同的饲料组成,依次为饲料A(鱼肉糜)、饲料B(鱼肉糜+配合饲料)、饲料C(鱼肉糜+配合饲料+蛏子肉糜)和饲料D(鱼肉糜+配合饲料+蛏子肉糜+桡足类).实验用银鲳幼鱼的平均体重为4.80±0.11 g,每组饲料设3重复,实验周期为9周.研究结果显示,不同饲料组成可显著影响银鲳的特定生长率,饲料A组的特定生长率最低,并显著低于其它各饲料组；饲料D组的特定生长率最高,且显著高于饲料B、C组的特定生长率(P＜0.05)；但饲料B、C组间银鲳特定生长率无显著性差异(P＞0.05).银鲳肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸的分析结果显示,4组饲料组成对银鲳肌肉氨基酸的组成及含量并无显著性影响(P＞0.05),但可显著影响肌肉脂肪酸的组成及含量(P＜0.05).饲料D组的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)及n-3HUFA含量均分别显著高于饲料A、B和C组(P＜0.05),饲料B和C组的PUFA、HUFA及n-3 HUFA均分别显著高于饲料A组(P＜0.05),但饲料B、C组间并无显著性差异(P＞0.05).综合分析得出,丰富的饲料组成以及饲料中较高的HUFA含量均有利于银鲳幼鱼的生长.%A feeding experiment was carried out on juvenile silver pomfret Pampus argenteus (4. 80 ±0. Hg) to evaluate the effects of diet composition on specific growth rate ( SGR) , muscle amino acid and fatty acid composition. Four different diets were formulated and named as Diet A (fish meat) , Diet B (fish meat and formulated feed) , Diet C (fish meat, formulated feed and solen meat) and Diet D (fish meat, formulated feed, solen meat and copepods). Each diet was assigned to triplicate groups, and the experimental durationwas 9 weeks. The results showed that the SGR of silver pomfret could be affected significantly by the diet composition (P<0.05). The SGR of Diet A was the lowest, and was significantly lower than those of other groups (P <0. 05) . The SGR of Diet D was the highest, and was significantly higher than those of Diet B and Diet C (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found in SGR between Diet B and Diet C (P > 0.05). The results of muscle amino acid and fatty acid compositions showed that there was no significant difference in muscle amino acid composition among different diet groups (P >0.05) , while the muscle fatty acid composition was significantly affected by diet composition (P < 0. 05). The PUFA, HUFA and n-3 HUFA content of fish fed Diet D were significantly higher than those of fish fed Deit A, Diet B and Diet C, respectively (P < 0. 05). And the PUFA, HUFA and n-3 HUFA content of Diet B and C were also significantly higher than those of Diet A, respectively (P < 0. 05). However, there was no significant difference in PUFA, HUFA and n-3 HUFA content between Diet B and Diet C (P >0. 05). In conclusion, a variety of food components and high content of HUFA in the diet could improve the growth performance of silver pomfret.