高频脉冲插值测量扭振及实验研究

摘要

转轴的扭转振动测量是对其进行状态检测和故障分析的重要手段,为此,设计了一种基于高频脉冲插值的扭振测量系统.测量方法是通过高精度光栅和红外光电管获取转速信号,再对转速信号进行高频脉冲插值,从而把转速信号转化为高频脉冲数,对高频脉冲数处理后得到转轴的扭振信息.测量系统采用FPGA与单片机相结合的模式,FPGA用于产生高频脉冲、对转速信号插值,并对插值后的信号进行计数,单片机读取计数结果并进行处理.经过实验验证,表明该测量方法有较高的测量精度,并通过理论分析找到了影响系统测量精度的原因.最后对几种常用的电动机进行了测试,测试结果较好地反映了转轴的实际振动情况.%For shaft torsional vibration is the key to its state inspection and fault analysis, a torsional vibration measurements system based on interpolation with high-frequency pulses is designed. The speed signal is acquired through grating and infrared photocell, then interpolation speed signal with high-frequency pulses , so as to convert speed to pulses, the shaft torsional vibration is received by processing pulses. This measurement system combined with FPGA and SCM, the function of FPGA are generating pulses, interpolating speed signal and counting the pulses, the result of count is processed by SCM. The high accuracy of measurement method is verified accord to the test, and the causes of errors are received by theoretical analysis. Several general motors are tested, their shaft actual torsional vibration are reflected according to the results.