自适应电磁阻尼式高楼逃生缓降器设计

摘要

为了高楼逃生这种紧急状态下的紧急操作,设计了一种自适应电磁阻尼式高楼逃生缓降器.利用交流永磁同步电机被动发电模式下的电磁转矩控制调节绞盘转速,运用电磁阻尼原理,当重物下降带动绞盘转动时,通过减速器带动交流永磁同步电机的转子转动,产生感应电压,由计算可得重物下降速度与电压成线性关系.利用纯硬件电路控制器来控制外电路IGBT(绝缘栅双极型晶体管)的状态,以此来控制电机转子中的电流,达到控制电磁转矩的目的,实现自救逃生人员下降速度平稳、自适应控制的功能,并实验验证了该设计的科学性与可行性.%It is a kind of descent device that provides an adaptive electromagnetic damping, designed for escaping from high-rise flats in an emergency. According to electromagnetic damping principle, the Alternate Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (APMSM) can regulate speed of cable stock, via the electromagnetic torque control produced by passive electric power generation. With weights falling off, the cable stock rotates and rotor of APMSM, which is droved by speed reducer, rotates as well. This process generates induction voltage. There is a linear relationship between the decline of the speed and the voltage magnitude through calculation. So as to achieve steady decline velocity of escape rescue personnel and adaptive control function. And the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed design is scientific and feasible.