基于空化理论的立式分块可倾瓦水导轴承静特性研究

摘要

A calculation domain of water⁃guide bearing was established by using three⁃dimensional modeling software, the pressure and vaporizing fraction distribution of the block tilting water⁃guide bearing was simulated based on Schnerr⁃Sauer cavitation model.The influence of the eccentricity ratio and oil film,the ratio of the bearing and shaft neck radius on the static characteristics of bearing was analyzed. The results show that the carrying capacity of bearing can be enhanced with the smaller oil film clearance and larger eccentricity ratio,but the vaporization ratio and the friction loss are also in⁃creased.Under the same conditions,the carrying capacity of the non⁃concentric bearing is better than the concentric bear⁃ing.With the increasing of the ratio of the bearing and shaft neck radius,the effective carrying capacity and the maximum pressure of the bearing is firstly increased and then decreased,while the friction power consumption is consistently reduced. Therefore,by selecting the reasonable ratio of the bearing and shaft neck radius,the carrying capacity of bearing can reach an optimal value,and the friction loss can be reduced so as to improve the economic efficiency of the bearing.%运用三维建模软件建立水导轴承计算域，并以Schnerr⁃Sauer空化模型模拟分块可倾瓦水导轴承的压力及汽化分数分布，分析偏心率、油膜间隙以及轴瓦与轴颈半径的比值k对轴承静特性的影响。研究表明：油膜间隙越小、偏心率越大，轴承承载能力越大，但其汽化比例、摩擦损失也越大；同等条件下，非同心瓦轴承的承载能力优于同心瓦；当偏心率、间隙一定时，轴承有效载荷、油膜最大压力随比值k先增后减，而摩擦力始终随比值k的增加而减少，因此合理选择比值k的大小，能使承载最优，摩擦损耗减少，提高轴承运行的经济性。