湘语知庄章声母的读音类型与历史演变

摘要

The pronounciation types of initials groups of Zhi, Zhuang and Zhang in Xiang dia-lects is rather complicated. The second degree of Group Zhi has mixed with Group Zhuang, and the palatals appeared earlier than the apical initials, but the retroflex initials are the earliest in theory. The third degree of Group Zhi has mixed with Group Zhang. The pronunciations of these types are more complicated as the palatals are the earlier forms. The plosives are not the residue of Old Chi-nese, rather they are the result of the plosivation of affricatives lately.%湘语知庄章声母的读音类型比较复杂.总的格局是:知二与庄组合流,知三与章组合流.在历史演变过程中,知二与庄组的舌面音应为后起形式,舌尖音为早期形式,而更早期的形式应为卷舌音.知三与章组的舌面音应为早期形式,其他各类音是后来的演变.塞音的读法并非古音的保留,而是晚期塞擦音的塞化.