言语行为动词的句类标记功能

摘要

在词汇层面上,存在一些最为明显的元语用标记语--言语行为动词,在一定的句法语用条件下,它们描写了正在实施的言语行为.对这些言语行为动词的分析也就是对词汇化了的言语行为范畴的分析.句类是句子的交际功能的分类,而句子的交际功能就是句子所标示的言语行为.因此,言语行为动词可以成为句类的充分标记,可作为句类划分的标准.%Speech act verbs are the most distinct metapragmatic markers at the vocabulary level, describing the acts being performed in speech with certain syntactic and pragmatic factors. The analy-ses of the speech act verbs are the analyses of the vocabularized speech act categories. Sentences are classified according to their communicative functions performed by speech acts. Thus speech act verbs could become sufficient markers for sentence types when they fulfill their specific metadiscourse func-tions.