“吗”问句的句法生成

摘要

文章主要讨论了汉语中典型的中心语居后的句子“吗”问句的句法生成。文章通过大量的语言事实证明，中心语“吗”表面看来在线性顺序上是居末的，而实际上在句法结构中生成在句首。“吗”问句的形成不是由于其补足语 IP 发生了前移，而是由于中心语“吗”语法化为附缀，失去了句法上的独立性，需要找到整个句子作为其依附的对象，为了满足这一句法需求，“吗”自身进行了右向外置移位。%This article mainly discusses the generative mechanism of the particle question,the typical Chinese head-final sentence.It is held that evidence shows that though the head ma(吗)occurs at the end of the sentence in the linear structure,in fact it generates at the beginning of the sentence in the syntactic structure.The complement IP of the head ma does not undergo movement to generate the Particle Question because there are problems with the motivations of the movement and more im-portantly,there is no IP movement cross-linguistically.It thus points out that Chinese particle ques-tion is generated because the head ma undergoes rightward movement so as to satisfy its requirement for cliticization.