城市社区不同文化阶层老年体育健身现状的调查与分析--以辽宁省部分城市社区为例

摘要

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法和数理统计法，对辽宁省城市社区不同文化阶层老年体育健身现状进行调查研究，结果表明：辽宁省城市社区老年人体育人口、坚持健身的年限、了解健身知识程度与文化阶层呈正相关；健身项目多以跑步散步、太极拳和健身操等有氧运动为主；健身时间主要集中在早、晚，每次锻炼的时间较长、频率较高；健身场所主要在住宅附近或公园广场，与朋友家人一起或独自锻炼；高文化阶层体育消费相对较高，低文化阶层无显著性差异；文化层次、健身知识了解程度和健身场地、器材不足、政府资金投入短缺、社区体育指导员缺失等是制约老年人体育健身的内、外部因素；并据此提出一些对策和建议。%By using the methods of documents, questionnaire, expert interview and mathematical statistics, this paper investigates and researches current situation of senior citizen sports fitness in different literacy classes of city community of Liaoning. The result shows that the elderly sports population, age limit, understanding of fitness is positively correlated with literacy class;fitness programs are main of some aerobics like running, walking, Tai Chi and setting-up exercise; time is main in morning and noon; sites are more around housing and in park and square; elders in high literacy class spend more money, lowers have no significant differences. Literacy class, knowledge of fitness, insufficient of sport venues and equipment, shortage of fund and absence of community sports instructors are the out and in limit factors to senior citizen sports fitness. And put forward some countermeasures and suggestions accordingly.