利用氧化钙、氢氧化钠交替水解铬革屑得到铬含量较低、分子量适中的革屑水解液,将该水解液与油酰氯进行缩合,并通过单因素试验研究了pH、溶剂用量、温度、时间等因素对缩合转化率的影响,确定了最佳缩合条件:pH8.0,乙酸乙酯与油酰氯体积比0.5:1,反应温度60℃,反应时间4 h,此时最高转化率为72.29%.最后,对合成的表面活性剂进行了粘度分析、红外结构表征及性能测定.合成的蛋白基表面活性剂HLB值为7,润湿性、乳化性均优于油酸钠,适合用作乳化剂、润湿剂.%One kind of shavings hydrolysates with low chromium content and moderate molecular weight was produced by using calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide to hydrolyze chrome shavings in turn. Then the hydrolysate was condensed with oleyl chloride. The effects of pH, solvent dosage, temperature and time on the condensation yield were investigated by single factor test to obtain the optimal condensation conditions. The optimum condensation reaction conditions were determined as follows:the reaction pH value was 8, the volume ratio of ethyl acetate to oil chloride was 0.5:1, the reaction temperature was 60℃, the reaction time was 4 h, and the highest conversion rate was 72.29%. Finally, the synthetic surfactants were analyzed by viscosity analysis, infrared spectroscopy and properties determination. The synthetic protein based surfactant has a HLB value of 7, which is superior to sodium oleate in wettability and emulsification. It is suitable as an emulsifier and a wetting agent.
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