血液标本检测结果的影响因素分析及改进对策

摘要

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the blood sample test results and improving countermeasures .Methods 12 562 blood samples collected in the blood station from March 2012 to March 2013 were selected and their testing results were performed the statistical analysis .The influence of different kits ,testing equip‐ments and operating of operating personnel on the testing results were investigated .Results Among 12 562 blood samples ,0 .18% of blood samples were unqualified ,0 .29% of blood samples needed to re‐detect due to abnormal re‐sults appearance .The reasons of abnormal samples were mainly in the three aspects of the instrument problems ,rea‐gents and personnel operating .In comparing the detection results by different instruments ,reagents and personnel , the influencing range of ELISA was ± 26 .19% - ± 37 .42% ,mean 31 .48% ,so in the sample detection ,the detection result OD+OD × 31 .48% .Conclusion Based on comparison of the ELISA test results ,adopting different manufac‐tories automatic enzyme immunoassay analyzer and reagents collaborative operation will better improve the quality of blood sample .In the subsequent testing ,the influencing range of above factors on the testing results could be grasped more accurately for ensuring the correctness of the test report and safety of blood recipients .%目的：探讨血液标本检测结果的影响因素及改进对策。方法选取2012年3月至2013年3月血站采集的血液样本12562份，统计分析血液标本检测结果，考察不同试剂盒、检测仪器、操作人员操作对血液标本检测结果的影响。结果在12562份血液样本中，0．18％的血液标本不合格，0．29％的血液标本出现异常结果需要重新检测。其中样本异常的原因分析主要有仪器问题、试剂以及人员操作等3个方面。比较不同仪器、试剂以及人员对血液标本进行检测，酶联免疫检测结果的影响范围在（±26．19％～±37．42％），均值31．48％，所以在标本检测时，检测结果OD＋OD ×31．48％。结论通过对酶联免疫检测结果的比对，采用不同厂家的全自动酶联免疫分析仪和试剂协同作业可以更好地提高血液质量。在以后的试验中可以比较精确地把握以上因素对试验结果的影响范围，以确保检测报告的正确性和用血者的安全。