论公民个人纳入民事公益诉讼主体范围的合理性--以《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第55条为分析视角

摘要

The public interest litigation was first added to the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China in 2012.The civil litigation plaintiff in the form of legal provisions being identified as relevant agencies and organi-zations exerts a groundbreaking significance in the legislation in our country.But exclusion of the individual citizens from the scope of the original subject has seriously hindered the the civil public interest litigation in judicial prac-tice.Based on the comparison of Chinese and foreign legal systems,this thesis explores basis of the civil public in-terest litigation plaintiff qualification of appropriate individual citizens—jurisprudence foundation,realistic founda-tion,economics foundation.For the protection of citizens’rights and interests,China should establish the legislative ideas of civil plaintiff public interest litigation subject pluralism.%2012年《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》首次增加了公益诉讼的内容，以法律条文的形式将民事公益诉讼的原告确定为机关和有关组织，这在我国立法上具有开创性的意义。但由于将公民个人排除在原告主体的范围之外，这严重阻碍了民事公益诉讼在司法上的运用。在中外法律制度对比的基础上，论述了民事公益诉讼公民个人原告资格适当性的基础———法理学基础、现实基础、经济学基础。为保障公民的权益，我国应确立民事公益诉讼原告主体多元主义的立法思路。