越南安息香大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体发育

摘要

利用常规石蜡切片技术对越南安息香（Styrax tonkinensis）大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体的发育过程进行显微观察，结果表明：越南安息香花药4室，花药壁由内向外分别为绒毡层、中层、药室内壁和表皮；花药壁发育属于基本型，绒毡层属于腺质型；小孢子母细胞经减数分裂形成左右对称型四分体，胞质分裂为同时型，成熟花粉粒为2-细胞型，具有3个萌发孔；子房3室，胚珠多数，倒生，具双珠被，厚珠心，中轴胎座；大孢子母细胞经减数分裂形成线型四分体，3个大孢子退化，合点端的1个发育成大孢子，胚囊发育为蓼型；雄蕊发育早于雌蕊，开花后雌雄蕊趋于同熟。%The megasporogensis, microsporogenesis and development of male and female gametophytes ofStyrax tonkinensis were observed by paraffin section technique. The results showed that anthers is 4-sporangiate, and the wall of anther consists of tapetum, middle layers, endothecium and epidermis from inside to out. The development of anther has classified into basic and the tapetum cell is glandular tapetum. The microspore mother cells give rise to isobilateral tetrads by meiosis. Cytokinesis is simultaneous. Mature pollen grain is 2-cell type with three germ pores, with ovaryis trilocular. The ovule is anatropous, bitegmious, crassinucellate axile placenta. The chalazal megaspore in a linear tetrad becomes megaspore. The development of embryo sacs belonges to polygonum type and the stamen was earlier than that of pistil, they synchronized after blossom.