Water right is currently a hot topic in the field of water resource allocation, and the definition of water rights is getting more and more attention. The authors studied the various interpretations of water rights at home and abroad as well as the concept of initial water rights. Initial water right allocation system and its characteristic, which complied with the principle of riparian rights and priority occupation, are introduced. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages and prospects of initial water right allocation system adopted in China at present, an executiveled with a core principle of water intake licensing, is also described. Then the principles of the initial water rights allocation system are constructed. At last, the authors summarize the allocation and practice of initial water rights in some basins and regions, and accordingly, put forward the future research targets.%对当前国内外的关于水权的各种解释以及初始水权的概念进行了研究,讲述了以河岸权为原则和以先占用为原则的初始水权分配体系及其特点,分析了我国当前实行的以取水许可制度为核心的行政主导的初始水权分配体系的优缺点及发展前景,构建了我国初始水权分配体系建设的原则.通过对我国部分流域和区域内初始水权分配和实践状况的总结,在此基础上提出了研究展望.
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