论送别诗创作的模式化倾向——以岑参送别诗为个案

摘要

In our country there was one send--off tradition that giving a farewell must be creating poems. In Tang Dynasty, the communicative functions of farewell poetry were gradually strengthened, which were not only limited to conveying feeling and chanting wills, but also exerted communication function of group sufficiently. On the creating occasion of collectivity farewell, for the need of social in- teraction, scribes had to deposit a set of modes so as to use them conveniently. Cen Serfs farewell poet- ry possessed such characteristics. His poetry formed the tendency of stereotype at the format and con- tent. In the format of his poetry, "three part mode" or "two part mode" are presented. In the content, there was certain stereotypical performance at the aspects of language, image and description. There- fore,it is clear that stereotypical tendency of farewell had made first appearance at the beginning or glorious age of Tang Dynasty, which established the foundation for the stereotype development of fare- well creation in the middle and late periods of Tang Dynasty.%我国古代有＂饯别必赋诗＂的送别传统。到了唐代,送别诗的交际功能逐渐加强,已不仅仅限于＂传情言志＂,而使其充分发挥了＂可以群＂的社会交往功能。在集体创作的场合下,为了应酬的需要,文士们必须储存一套可供临时发挥、及时套用的模式。岑参的送别诗正具此特点。他的探题分韵所赋之作,在形式和内容上都形成了模式化倾向。在形式上,表现为＂三部式＂、＂两部式＂。内容上,在语言、意象、描写场景等方面都有一定类型化表现。可见,送别诗的模式化倾向在初盛唐已初露端倪,这为中晚唐送别诗创作走向模式化奠定了基础。