实体化思维与知性范畴--对康德先验范畴体系的一些修正

摘要

Kant takes “time” and “space” as the perceptual intuition, and makes them the foundations of category of understanding. The writer of this article not only promotes “time” and “space” from the perceptual intuition to the category of understanding, but also adjusts or supplements other contents, so as to give certain modification or improvement to the whole system of category. In the new system of category, not only the three groups of categories ignored by Kant, i.e. time-space categories, natural number categories and limit categories, are introduced, but also the original group of relation categories that includes“causality”is modified by adding two new categories, i.e.,“randomness”and“statisticality”, which is very important for solving the“Hume’s problem”.%康德把“时间”和“空间”当作感性直观，成为知性范畴的基础。笔者则把“时间”和“空间”从感性直观提升为知性范畴，并对康德范畴的其他内容进行调整或补充，进而对其整个范畴体系进行一定的修改或完善。在新的范畴体系中，除了引入被康德忽略的三组范畴即时空范畴、自然数范畴和界限范畴，还对原有的关系范畴作出重大改动，即除“因果性”之外新增两个范畴即“随机性”和“统计性”，这对解决“休谟问题”是至关重要的。