从《史记》看司马迁的“长者”观

摘要

长者是人们对于年长且有德者的尊称。这个称谓在《史记》中多次出现，且用在不同的人物身上，这些人物除了年长之外，其“有德”一面主要表现为仁爱和恭谨。仁爱主要表现为对人仁慈，为人宽厚。恭谨则主要从人物的态度、语言和行为上表现出来。通过分析人物身上的品格特征，从而阐释司马迁的“长者”观。%People are called the elderly with good virtue as the older. The appellation always appear in Historical Records. It is used in different figures. The characters in addition to the elderly, their virtue mainly performance for kindheartedness and respect. The kindheartedness mainly performs for mercy to the person and generous. The respect is mainly from the attitude of the characters, language and behavior. Through the analysis of virtue of the characters, so as to interpret view of Sima Qian’ s “elders” concept.