浅水中爆炸水底介质对水中冲击波峰值压力影响的试验研究

摘要

作为评判水中爆炸冲击波强度的一个重要因素，水中冲击波峰值压力研究至关重要。在满足爆炸相似律的基础上对水中爆炸试验的相似要求进行推导，建立试验条件下水中冲击波峰值压力的回归模型。在两种水底介质、不同水深情况下进行试验，采集不同测点的水中冲击波的峰值压力，运用π定理和量纲分析、最小二乘法对试验数据进行分析，得出了符合爆炸相似律的公式，并验证了回归公式的准确性。通过显著性检验可知浅水中爆炸中测点和装药的距离对水中冲击波峰值压力的影响最大，水深因素的影响可忽略。对不同水底介质试验中的数据分析得出水底介质对峰值压力影响较大，软泥夹石水底试验中测得冲击波峰值压力约为软泥水底试验中冲击波峰值压力的4／3倍。%Peak pressure of the shock wave in water,an important factor for evaluating shock wave intensity of the underwater explosion,is vital to relevant studies.Based on the similarity law of the explosion,this research makes a deduction on similar requirements of the simulation experiments of underwater explosion and establishes the regression model about peak pressure of the underwater shock wave under test condition.Simulated tests were carried out under the condition of two types of water bottom media and different water depths,then peak pressures of underwater blast wave at different measuring points were acquired.Through formula fitting of test data by the πtheorem,dimensional analysis and the least squares,a formula consistent with similarity law of explosion was obtained.And the analysis on regression precision of formula verified its accuracy.Significance test indicates that the influence of distance between measuring points and charge on peak pressure of underwater blast wave is the largest while that of water depth is the least and can be ignored.With analysis on data from tests with different water media,it is concluded that water bottom mediums affect peak pressure more.And peak pressure of blast wave in test at the water bottom of soft mud with stones is about 4 /3 times that of the water bottom of soft mud.