国际公共健康立法探析

摘要

International public health problems recently attracted widespread attention around the world, properly handling these problems is directly related to survival health and survival quality of human. Need at the international level to promote the international public health legislation, set up the international le-gal framework, play the role of the international law in this area. In this paper, the formation and de-velopment of the international public health legislation are summarized. And two main framework of the international public health legislation are discussed, namely, International Health Regulations (IHR) and Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. On this basis, the new development of interna-tional public health legislation in recent years are analyzed from some aspects of revision of Interna-tional Health Regulations (IHR), response to international natural disasters, legislation exploration of stem cell research as well as new attempt of some countries and regions and so on.%国际公共健康问题近来吸引了全世界的广泛关注，这些问题能否得到妥善处理，直接关系到人类的生存健康和生存质量。需要在国际层面上推动国际公共健康立法，建立起国际法律框架，发挥国际法在该领域的作用。该文总结概括了国际公共健康立法的形成以及发展历程。并对国际公共健康立法的两大主体框架《国际卫生条例》（IHR）和《烟草控制框架公约》进行探讨。在此基础上，对国际公共健康立法在近几年的新发展做了分析，从《国际卫生条例》（IHR）的修改、国际自然灾害的应对、干细胞研究立法探索和部分国家和地区的新尝试等领域分别加以阐述。