低上浆率织造用浆料的配方设计机制

摘要

Aiming at the problem of weaving with greater sizing add⁃on in existing textile enterprise, the different size formulations were adopted to size cotton yarns and the sizing add⁃on rate, moisture regain and mechanical property were tested. The sized yarns were woven in the actual production. The warp and weft stops, weaving efficiency were counted. The performance and morphological sstructure of sizing membranes, the influences of sizing recipe components on morphological sstructure of sizing membranes and phase separation of sizing solution were investigated, and it is believed that this might be the reason why greater add⁃on rate of existing sizing materials are required to meet the requirements of high speeding weaving. Based on the above analysis, the principles of design sizing formulations for high performance cotton yarns of low sizing add⁃on rate are proposed, and weaving processability of cotton yarns using an optimized sizing formulation composed of polyvinyl alcohol and modified starch Kollotex A115 at a ratio of 37�5∶62�5 for low sizing add⁃on rate of 5�5% -6�8% are reported to reduce the burden of dyeing pretreatment.%针对目前纺织企业高上浆率织造的问题，采用不同组分的浆料配方对纯棉经纱进行上浆，系统测试了浆纱的上浆率、回潮率和力学性能，并在实际生产中进行了织造，统计了织造过程中经纱、纬纱断头次数及织造效率。通过研究共混浆料浆膜性能、浆膜的织态结构、浆料组分对浆膜织态结构和浆液相分离的影响，从理论上分析了造成各浆料配方织造效率不同的机制，指出了目前高上浆率织造的原因，提出了低上浆率条件下纯棉经纱织造的浆料配方构成机制，推荐了低上浆率工艺下实现纱线高效率织造的浆料配方，当聚乙烯醇与A115变性淀粉质量比为37�5∶62�5时，可满足低上浆率条件下织造，为印染前处理减轻负荷。