创建世界一流大学视域下学科体系构建的实证研究——基于中美18所研究型大学的比较

摘要

世界一流大学必有一流学科,一流学科的竞争有赖于综合实力的角逐,学科综合实力的提高需建设以"基础学科、主干学科、支撑学科、交叉学科"为基本框架的学科体系,以实现学科整体协调发展. 以我国C9高校和美国9所世界一流研究型大学为对象,基于ESI数据(2004-2014)、QS世界大学学科排名(2014)、国家重点学科目录(2006)和教育部新一轮学科评估(2012)等数据资料,对比分析国内外研究型大学的学科体系建设的现状与模式,以期为我国高校学科体系建设、学科综合实力提升提供有益借鉴.%The World-Top universities should have several World-Top disciplines. In order to improve the comprehensive competence of discipline ,universities should establish an excellent discipline structure which based on "fundamental disciplines,stem disciplines,supporting discipline and interdisciplines". This paper analyzes and compares the discipline structure of 18 research universities in China and America based on the data of ESI (2004-2014),QS World University Rankings by subject (2014),the National Key Disciplines (2006) and Disciplines Evaluation (2012),expecting to give some effective suggestions for improving the comprehensive competence of the universities in China.