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SOME THEOREMS OF THE NORDHAUS-GADDUM CLASS

         

摘要

Let the chromatic number of G, the edge chromatic number of G and thetotal chromatic number of G be denoted by x(G), x1(G) and x2(G), respectively. Forany simple graph G of order p and its complement G, the following inequalities of theNordhaus-Gaddum class are obtained:(i)|2p1/2|-ε1≤x(G)+x1(G)≤2p-2 and 0≤x(G)·x1(G)≤(p-1)2 for p≥2,(ii)|2p1/2|+ε1≤x(G)+x2(G)≤2p-1 and 0≤x(G)·x2(G)≤p(p-1) for p≥3,(iii)p≤x1(G)+x2(G)≤2p-1 and 0≤x1(G)·x2(G)≤p(p-1) for p≥3,where ε1=0, if p1/2 is an odd integer, 1, otherwise,ε2=1, if p1/2 is an even integer, 0, otherwise,and [x] denotes the ceiling of x. We also show that these bounds are sharp for everypositive integer p.

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