水稻品种(组合)对褐飞虱的抗性鉴定及评价方法比较

摘要

[目的]通过水稻品种(组合)对褐飞虱的抗性鉴定,从中筛选出抗性品种,并对各抗性鉴定方法进行评价,为抗虫品种的推广应用提供科学依据.[方法]以海南大学热带农林学院和广西农业科学院作物遗传改良重点实验室提供的水稻品种(组合)及2017年广西区试水稻品种(组合)为试验材料,采用从田间直接采集、在室内用感虫品种TN1饲养的褐飞虱为虫源,通过苗期群体鉴定筛选、蜜露量测定、褐飞虱若虫存活率和取食选择性及发育历期测定、成虫产卵选择性鉴定及次生物质测定等综合鉴定不同水稻品种(组合)对褐飞虱的抗性.[结果]通过苗期群体鉴定筛选初步从供试水稻品种(组合)中筛选出表现为抗(R)的品种1份(R373),表现为中抗(MR)的品种2份(特优373和特优582).蜜露量测定、成虫产卵选择性和水稻次生物质含量测定结果与苗期群体鉴定结果一致,均表现为抗性材料的相关指标与感虫品种TN1差异显著(P<0.05),与抗虫品种RHT差异不显著(P>0.05).褐飞虱若虫的取食选择性、存活率及在不同品种上的发育历期测定结果与其抗虫表现存在差异,且结果之间无规律性.[结论]R373是性能稳定的抗性品种(组合),可作为培育抗褐飞虱水稻品种的基础材料使用.苗期群体鉴定筛选、蜜露量测定、成虫产卵选择性鉴定及次生物质测定可作为水稻苗期抗褐飞虱性评价的方法使用.%[Objective]The resistance of rice varieties(combinations)to brown planthopper(BPH)was identified,the BPH-resistant varieties were screened and methods of resistance identification were also evaluated to provide reference for the future promotion of BPH-resistant varieties.[Method]The rice varieties(combinations)from Institute of Tropical Ag-riculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Guangxi Academy of Agricul-tural Sciences and tested Guangxi rice varieties(combinations)in 2017 were used as tested material. BPH were collected from the field directly as well as those fed by the susceptible variety TN1 indoors. Standard seedbox screening technique, honeydew amount mensuration,the survival rates of BPH,feeding selectivity and developmental durations mensuration, oviposition preference of adult BPH and contents of secondary substances mensuration were comprehensively used to identify the resistance of rice varieties(combinations)to BPH.[Result]A variety showed resistance(R373)and two va-rieties which showed medium resistance(Teyou 373,Teyou 582)were screened from the tested rice varieties by standard seedbox screening technique. The results of honeydew amount measurement,oviposition preference of adult BPH and contents of secondary substances mensuration were the same as the results of standard seedbox screening technique. All of them showed that there was significant difference between the related indexes of resistance material and the susceptible va-riety TN1(P<0.05),while the difference between related indexes of resistance material and RHT was not significant(P>0.05). However,the results of feeding preference,the survival rates and developmental duration of BPH on rice varieties were not in accordance with the resistance of rice variety,and there is no regulation between the results.[Conclusion]R373,a stable resistant variety,can be used as basic material in cultivating rice varieties that are resistant to BPH. Stan-dard seedbox screening technique,honeydew amount mensuration,oviposition preference of adult BPH and contents of secondary substances mensuration can be used as identification methods of rice resistance to BPH at seedling stage.