不同配比基质对猴樟容器苗生长的影响

摘要

[目的]筛选适宜培养猴樟容器苗的基质及配比,为培育优质猴樟容器苗提供技术支持.[方法]以蛭石、珍珠岩、生红壤、火烧土、河沙、泥炭和木屑配制成6种配比的栽培基质(处理1~处理6)进行猴樟一年生容器苗培育试验,幼苗生长停止后测定分析各处理猴樟一年生容器苗的苗高、地径、生物量及可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量等指标.[结果]不同配比基质对猴樟一年生容器苗苗高、地径、生物量、苗木质量指数及叶片叶绿度(SPAD值)、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均有明显影响.处理5(生红壤:火烧土:泥炭:河沙:有机肥=3:3:1:3:1)的苗高和苗木质量指数分别为41.72 cm和5.03,显著(P<0.05,下同)或极显著(P<0.01,下同)高于除处理4(生红壤:火烧土:泥炭:河沙:有机肥=5:2:1:2:1)外的其他处理,地径(8.36 mm)和总干重(29.46 g)显著或极显著大于其他处理;处理4叶片的可溶性糖含量(2.97 g/100 g)极显著高于除处理2外的其他处理,可溶性蛋白含量(1.26 mg/g)显著或极显著高于其余处理;处理4的SPAD值(36.12)明显低于除处理2外的其他处理.主成分分析及综合评价结果表明,处理4和处理5猴樟容器苗的综合品质较佳.[结论]适宜猴樟一年生容器苗生长的栽培基质及配比为生红壤:火烧土:泥炭:河沙:有机肥=3~5:2~3:1:2~3:1.培养基质容重过小其保肥性能越差,且不利于猴樟发达根系的固定,因此在培育猴樟容器苗木时宜选择重型基质.%[Objective]The optimal substrate and ratio for Cinnamomum bodinieri Levl.container seedlings were se-lected to provide reference for culturing fine C.bodinieri container seedlings.[Method]Six kinds of substrates were pre-pared by vermiculite,perlite,raw red soil,fire soil,river sand,peat and sawdust with different volume ratios(treatment 1-treatment 6),and transplanting cultivation experiment of annual C.bodinieri container seedlings were carried out.Than seedling height,ground diameter,biomass,soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of the seedlings which stopped to grow were determinated.[Result]The results showed that the substrates with various ratios had obvious effects on seedling height,ground diameter,biomass,seedling quality index,leaf soil and plant analyzer development value (SPAD value),soluble sugar content and soluble protein content.The seedling height and seedling quality index in treat-ment 5(raw red soil:fire soil:peat soil:river sand:bio-organic fertilizer=3:3:1:3:1)were 41.72 cm and 5.03,and they were significantly(P<0.05,the same below)or extremely significantly(P<0.01,the same below)higher than those of the other treatments except for treatment 4(raw red soil:fire soil:peat soil:river sand:bio-organic fertilizer=5:2:1:2:1). In addition,the ground diameter(8.36 mm)and gross dry weight(29.46 g)were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the other treatments.Leaf soluble sugar content(2.94 g/100 g)in treatment 4 was extremely signifi-cantly higher than that of the other treatments except for treatment 2,and leaf soluble protein content(1.26 mg/g)was sig-nificantly or extremely significantly higher than that of the other treatments.SPAD value(36.12)of seedlings in treatment 4 was obviously lower than that of other treatments except for treatment 2.Principal component analysis results showed that the comprehensive quality of C.bodinieri container seedlings in treatment 5 was the optimal.[Conclusion]The opti-mum substrate formulation for annual container seedlings of C.bodinieri is raw red soil:fire soil:peat soil:river sand:bio-organic fertilizer=3-5:2-3:1:2-3:1.Volume weight of substrate being too small lead to weakening nutrient preserving capa-bility,and is not beneficial for root fixing.Therefore,heavy substrate should be selected for culturing C.bodinieri container seedlings.