丝素/聚氨酯防水透湿涂层剂的制备及其应用

摘要

To improve the waterproofness and moisture permeability of coated fabric,this paper uses waterborne polyurethane blended and modified by silk fibroin to prepare silk fibroin/polyurethane coating agent for coating finish of polyester fabric; uses infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis to characterize the structure and performance of silk fibroin/polyurethane blend membrane and studies the influence of grain size and mass fraction of silk fibroin on the waterproofness and moisture permeability of coating.The result shows that silk fibroin and polyurethane have hydrogen-bond interaction and the addition of silk fibroin improves the heat stability of polyurethane system.When silk fibroin power with grain size 5 μm has a mass fraction 20％,the water vapour transmission rate of coated fabric reaches over 3 000 g/m2 · d-1 and hydrostatic pressure value remains over 3 000 Pa.Compared to fabrics with single polyurethane coating finish,fabrics with coating finish of polyurethane modified by silk fibroin have a significantly improved moisture permeability and good waterproofness,washability and breaking force.%为改善涂层织物的防水透湿性能,采用丝素共混改性水性聚氨酯,制备了丝素/聚氨酯复合涂层剂,用于涤纶织物的涂层整理.利用红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重分析对丝素/聚氨酯共混膜的结构、性能进行表征,研究了丝素粒径及其质量分数对涂层防水透湿性能的影响.结果表明:丝素与聚氨酯之间存在着氢键作用,丝素的加入提高了聚氨酯体系的热稳定性.当粒径为5 μm的丝素粉体质量分数为20％时,涂层织物的透湿量达到3000 g/m2.d-1以上,静水压值保持在3000 Pa以上.与单一聚氨酯涂层整理的织物相比,丝素改性聚氨酯涂层整理织物的透湿性得到显著改善,且具有良好的耐洗性和断裂强力.