船冰碰撞载荷下船舶结构加强方案研究

摘要

In order to investigate the water media effect on structure response under ship-ice colli-sion load, this paper presents a study on ship-ice collision considering the effect of water media for the first time. The ship-ice collision is simulated in aqueous medium and the coupling behaviors a-mong the ship, water and ice were considered. The calculation model is applied to various working conditions of ship-ice collision calculation. The parametric study on the thickness of shell and di-aphragm plates and the spacing of the frames is then conducted. The damage deformations, collision forces, structural energy absorptions varying with thickness of shell plate, thickness of the diaphragm plate and different spacing of frame are discussed. The capability and contribution of each major com-ponent in the shoulder of the ship on the resistance of ice loads are analyzed. This study can be used in improving anti-ice load ability of ship structure.%为了探究水介质对船—冰碰撞结构响应的影响，文章首次对考虑水介质中的船—冰碰撞问题进行了研究。模拟了船舶与冰体在水介质中的碰撞场景，研究船—水—冰三者共同耦合作用对船—冰碰撞的影响。将该计算方法应用于船—冰碰撞的多种工况计算，对比分析了增加外板厚度、横隔板厚度以及肋骨间距等多种加强方案对船体结构响应的差异。揭示了碰撞区域的损伤变形、碰撞力、结构吸能随外板厚度、横隔板厚度和肋骨间距的变化而变化的规律，分析了船舶肩部各主要构件对于抵抗冰载荷作用的能力及贡献。所得结论对于进行冰区船舶结构设计具有参考作用。