Aiming at the lack of experimental data for the structural response of ship air explosion and the difficulty in obtaining the analytical solution for complex structures with theories in our country at present, the damage estimation methods for hull plate structure subjected to air near-field explosion load were researched. According to detonation wave and gas swelling theories, the type and positive pressure acting time of air near-field explosion load were calculated. In addition, the deformation of hull plate structure was derived with the stress wave and plasticity dynamics theories, and the crevasse dimension and deflection of hull plate under different operating conditions of air explosion were obtained. Through verifying by the calculated examples, it is found that the calculated results are in good agreement with the empirical values. The derived estimation methods can be applied to the damage calculation of hull plate structure under the shock wave action of air near-field explosion, meet the accuracy demand in the engineering calculation, and can be used as the design basis for the protective structures of ships.%鉴于目前我国舰船空中爆炸结构响应试验数据的匮乏以及对复杂结构采用理论求得解析解的困难,对船体板结构在空中近场爆炸载荷作用下的破坏估算方法进行研究.根据爆轰波理论及气体膨胀理论计算出空中近场爆炸载荷的形式及其正压作用时间,应用应力波及塑性动力学理论推导船体板结构的变形,得到不同空爆工况下船体板的破口大小及挠度.通过算例进行验证,计算结果与经验值良好吻合.所推导的估算方法应用于舰船结构在空中近场爆炸冲击波作用下产生的毁伤能够满足工程计算精度要求,可作为舰船防护结构的设计依据.
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