丁玲、张爱玲悲剧比较论--从刘再复的“二玲”悲剧论说起

摘要

Liu Zaifu thinks that Ding Ling's and Zhang Ailing's "political writing" are similiar "Tragedy Isomorphism", but with big differences:the level of Ding Ling's tragedy is deeper;the information coads of Ding Ling's tragedy are richer;from Isaiah Berlin's theory of freedom, Zhang Ailing is in a negatively free state, while Ding Ling is not free; politics hurts Ding Ling more than Zhang Ailing; for politics, Ding Ling's works have changed greatly, while the artistic appearance of Zhang Ailing' works stay the same; as to Ding Ling's works lacking of reflection in her late years, we should evaluate them from three levels.%刘再复先生认为“二玲”的“政治化写作”是一种性质相似的“悲剧同构”现象，但“二玲”的悲剧具有较大差异：丁玲的悲剧程度比张爱玲更深；丁玲悲剧信息密码比张爱玲更丰富；从以赛亚·伯林的自由理论来看，张爱玲至少属于“消极自由”的状态，而丁玲属于“不自由”的状态；政治对于丁玲创作的“伤害”远比对张爱玲的“伤害”深；因为政治影响，丁玲作品的艺术面貌完全“脱胎换骨”，而张爱玲的却基本保持未变；对于丁玲晚年“反思缺失”的悲剧，应该从三个层面予以评价。