外电场下电偶极子运动规律研究

摘要

Discuss the motion of the electric dipole in a uniform electric field, obtain the interaction force between the two particles, and get the kinetic equation by Newton's laws of motion. Finally, derive the law of motion of the electric dipole in the uniform electric field, namely : In the direction of axes, the motion of electric dipole is super- position of uniform motion in a straight line and simple harmonic motion, at the moment of couple the trajectory is periodic spiral.%讨论了均匀外电场下电偶极子的运动,给出加了外电场后两离子实之间的相互作用力,并利用牛顿运动定律解出其动力学方程.最终得出外电场下电偶极子的运动规律,即：在轴线方向上,电偶极子的运动为匀速直线运动和简谐振动的叠加;在力偶矩下,电偶极子的运动轨迹为周期性的螺旋线.