Based on 2013 CHARLS data, this paper investigates the influence of educational level on retirement tendency. The results show that despite the differences in gender and unit nature, there exists an asymmetric Ushape relation between educational level and retirement tendency: compared with those with junior middle school educational level, the population with primary school and below educational level and with high school and above educational level tend to retire later, and this is especially true for people with high educational level. The difference of retirement tendency in people with different educational levels means that the resistance of delayed retirement is different, and the resistance of delayed retirement is mainly concentrated in the labor-intensive industries with a relatively large proportion of workers with junior middle school educational level. Therefore, delayed retirement should start with such industries as education, finance, scientific research and technical services where the proportion of workers with junior middle school educational level is small and the proportion of workers with high educational level is high so as to reduce the policy resistance to delayed retirement and realize the full use of human resources.%基于2013年CHARLS数据,考察了教育水平对退休倾向的影响.研究表明,尽管存在性别和单位性质间的差异,教育水平与退休倾向之间总体上存在非对称U形关系:相对于初中教育水平人群来说,小学及以下和高中及以上教育水平人群倾向于晚退休,对高教育水平人群来说更是如此.不同教育水平人群的退休倾向不同意味着延迟退休的阻力也不同,而延迟退休的阻力主要集中在初中教育水平人群占比较大的劳动密集型行业.因此,延迟退休应先从初中教育水平人群占比小而高教育水平人群占比大的教育、金融、科学研究和技术服务等行业开始,这样才能降低延迟退休的政策阻力,实现人力资源的充分利用.
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