儒家“修齐治平”纲领的现代辨析与传统文化资源的发掘利用*

摘要

To“cu1tivate onese1f,regu1ate the fami1y,ru1e the state,and achieve peace in the wor1d”is the key to the understanding the Confucian concept of governing a state,ref1ecting its specific cognition of po1itics. It takes the“State”as a magnified“fami1y”,and pins its hope of good governance on the per-sona1ity and se1f-cu1tivation of the ru1ers. The confusion po1itica1 p1atform did p1ay a positive ro1e in his-tory,but sti11 bears its structura1 1imitations. And,sharing the genera1 characters of successfu1 human civi1izations in mo1ding ru1ing e1ite with a sense of responsibi1ity,and shaping a socia1 cu1tura1 network, this P1atform is the cu1tura1 resources avai1ab1e for the perfection of po1itica1 eco1ogy and the e1evation of ru1ing arts. However,two princip1es are to abide by in tapping cu1tura1 resources:one is to treasure and inherit those with the genera1 characters of successfu1 human civi1izations from out of our own tradition, and the other is to bring about a creative transformation of those 1oca1 cu1tura1 resources within our own tradition,inc1uding institutiona1 resources if they are app1icab1e to nationa1 conditions,to po1itica1 situa-tion,and to pub1ic fee1ings.%“修齐治平”纲领是理解儒家治国理念的关键，它反映出儒家文明对政治的特定认知。这一认知不仅把“国”看成是放大的“家”，而且也把实现善治之希望建立在统治者的人格与修养之上。儒家政纲曾发挥过积极的历史功能，但也具有内在的结构性局限。儒家政纲在塑造出具有担当精神的治理精英和社会文化网络方面具备着人类成功文明的共性，是今日中国在改善政治生态和提升治理艺术方面可资利用的文化资源。对文化资源的挖掘可以遵循两个原则：一是自身传统中那些具有成功人类文明共性的东西值得我们珍视和传承；二是自身传统中那些更适合我们国情、政情、民情的地方性文化资源，包括相应的制度资源也值得我们创造性转化。