格尔木河水质现状及生态风险评估

摘要

为了解经济迅速发展背景下格尔木河流域水体中痕量元素分布、水环境质量现状和生态风险,对格尔木河9个采样点水样21种痕量元素的分布及相关性进行了分析,以Cu、Zn、Hg、Cd、Cr和Pb为目标重金属,评估了格尔木河水质现状及生态风险.结果表明:重金属Pb浓度在所有水样中均低于检出限,其它痕量元素浓度在0.001(Cd)～6297.013(Sr)μg·L-1范围变化.根据相关性分析,推测格尔木河水体中Li、Sc、Ti、V、Cu、Ge、Rb、Sr、Mo、Cd来源可能相同.采样点水样6种重金属浓度均达到地表水环境质量I类的标准.采用5种方法评价了格尔木河水质现状,研究区水质处于无污染的理想状态.格尔木河重金属引发的潜在生态风险处于低风险水平(生态风险指数变化范围为0.35～0.68).%To investigate the distribution, pollution and ecological risk of trace elements in Golmud River with rapid development of economy, the distribution and correlation of total 21 trace elements in 9 water samples of Golmud River were analysed.Evaluation on water quality and ecological risks of target heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Hg, Cd, Cr and Pb were also performed. The results showed that concentrations of trace elements ranged from 0.001 (Cd) to 6297.013 (Sr) μg·L-1 and concentrations of Pb were below the limit of detection. Correlation analysis showed that trace elements including Li, Sc, Ti, V, Cu, Ge, Rb, Sr, Mo and Cd might come from the same sources. Concentrations of 6 heavy metals in all water samples were below the environmental quality standard I levels. Five methods were adopted to evaluate the river water quality. The results indicated that water quality of Golmud River was good without heavy metal pollution. Potential ecological risks posed by heavy metals were at low risk levels with ecological risk index ranging from 0.35 to 0.68.