高校学生宿舍火灾风险与综合评价

摘要

College is to cultivate a variety of professional talents.The safety problem has become the focus of the whole society,with the constant expansion of higher education,especially the student dormitory fire problem.Basedon the analysis of multiple causes and characteristics of the fire in university dormitory,it showed that the weak safety consciousness,lack of fire control knowledge,mass personnel,low fireproof rank architecture and so on were the main objective and subjective reasons.According to fire safety characteristics and related regulations,by applying the system theory,it was presented that the identification of fire risk should be conducted from the three-dimensional angle including internal factor,external environment and management levels.A fire maintenance safety evaluation index system was built and the fuzzy comprehensive assessment was conducted.The feasibility of the method was verified with an example.%高校为我国培养了多种专业人才.随着高等教育规模的不断扩大,高校安全问题已成为全社会关注的焦点,特别是学生宿舍火灾问题.通过对高校学生宿舍火灾多发的原因和特性分析得出,学生安全意识差、消防知识匮乏、人员密度大、建筑物耐火等级低等是造成高校学生宿舍火灾的主要原因.依据火灾安全特征及相关规定,应用系统理论的观点,提出学生宿舍火灾风险辨识应从学校系统内部因素、外部环境和管理层次三维角度进行分析.构建宿舍火灾风险评价的安全评价体系,运用模糊综合评价的方法,结合实例探讨该方法的可行性.