三江源搬迁牧民的后续生计和就业类型--基于格尔木昆仑民族文化村的调查

摘要

Since 2004,ecological resettlement program has drawn great attention of both at home and abroad,in particular its subsequent liveli-hood or issue of follow-up industry development became a continuous attention by the academic and the government. This paper takes KunlunEthnic CulturalVillage in Gelmud City of QinghaiProvince as an example,it focuses on the change of relocated herder’s employment types between their home and host area,herder’s income and expenditure structure and it’s characteristics. The author and his team conducted four times filed researches in the village in September 2007,October 2008,Nov.2010,and July 2012. According to the surveys,this paper mainly adopts quantitative research with qualitative analysis,to explore the employment type of ecological migrants and family income gap.%自2004年开始的青海三江源地区的生态移民受到国内外关注，而其后续生计或后续产业发展问题尤其得到学术界和政府部门的持续关注和研究。笔者以位于格尔木市南郊的昆仑民族文化村为例，详细分析搬迁牧民的就业类型变化与迁出地即老家的经济联系，牧民收入和支出结构及特征。本文作者及其研究团队先后对昆仑民族文化村进行过4次调查，我们主要根据课题组2007年9月对该村86户牧民家庭的抽样调查和2008年该村168户家庭331人的劳务输出的统计分析，2012年7月对该村就业情况的补充调查资料，主要采用定量研究配合定性分析，探讨三江源生态移民搬迁牧民的就业类型和家庭收入差距。