鲁西南地区青贮专用玉米品种适应性及其营养品质研究

摘要

在鲁西南聊城阳谷地区研究了青贮玉米不同品种间的品质差异及其适应性,通过对23个不同品种青贮玉米农艺性状(株高、穗位、茎粗、绿叶数、倒伏、倒折)、产量(10株鲜重、10株穗重、单株鲜重、单株干重)、营养品质(粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、还原糖含量)的测定,分析了不同全株青贮玉米的可消化总养分、净能、饲草干物质采食量、可消化的干物质量、相对饲喂价值等营养价值指数.结果表明:23个品种间差异显著(P＜0.05).在生物量方面,郑青贮1号产量最高,其次是新饲玉12和奥玉青贮5102.通过对生产性能表现良好的7个品种进一步进行营养品质的分析,结果发现,奥玉青贮5102和豫青贮23粗蛋白含量显著高于其它品种(P＜0.05),新东单60、文玉3号、郑青贮1号的中性洗涤纤维显著低于其它品种(P＜0.05),文玉3号与华良78的酸性洗涤纤维含量显著低于其它品种(P＜0.05).新东单60的饲草干物质采食量最高,文玉3号可消化总养分、净能、可消化的干物质量、相对饲喂价值表现较好,显著高于其它品种(P＜0.05).因此,综合生产性能和营养品质比较分析,豫青贮23、郑青贮1号、新东单60品种可以作为鲁西南粮改饲的推荐青贮玉米品种.%Study were condueted on the quality difference and adaptability of silage maize in southwest of Shandong province in Yanggu.Through the determination of agronomic traits of 23 different varieties of silage corn(plant height,ear position,stem diameter,Number of green leaves,lodging,folding),yield (10 plants fresh weight,10 Plants ear weight,fresh weight per plant,dry weight per plant),nutritional quality (crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and reducing sugar content),And then,the digestible total nutrients,net energy,forage dry matter intake,digestible dry matter,relative feed value and other nutritional value index of different whole plant silage maize were screened out to select silage maize varieties suitable for planting in Liaocheng.The results showed that there were significant differences among the 23 varieties(p＜0.05).In terms of biomass,Zhengqingzhu1 had the highest yield,Followed by Xinsiyu12,Aoyuqingzhu5102.Through further analysis of nutritional quality of 7 varieties with good performance,The results showed that the crude protein content of Aoyuqingzhu5102 and Yuqingzhu23 was significantly higher than that of other varieties (p ＜ 0.05),Xindongdan60,Wenyu3,Zhengqingzhu1,the neutral detergent fiber was significantly lower than other varieties(p＜0.05),The acid detergent fiber content of Wenyu3 and Hualiang78 was significantly lower than that of other varieties(p＜0.05).Xindongdan60 forage dry matter intake of the highest,Wenyu3 digestible total nutrients,net energy,digestible dry matter,relative to the value of feeding better,differences with other varieties were significant(p＜0.05).Therefore,the comprehensive production performance and nutritional quality of a comparative analysis,Yuqingzhu23,Zhengqingzhu1,Xindongdan60 varieties could be used as silage maize varieties recommended for rehousing in southwest Shandong.