红肉苹果营养成分及生物活性物质分析

摘要

采用分光光度计、液相色谱(HPLC)及氨基酸分析等方法对5个红肉苹果品种/品系和对照白肉‘嘎啦’的营养组分及活性物质进行测定和分析.结果表明:红肉苹果的幼叶和花中,总黄酮和总酚含量与‘嘎啦’相差不大;成熟期果肉中总酚含量和总黄酮含量显著高于白肉苹果;红肉苹果各个品种花青苷含量在果树的不同器官及果实发育的不同时期均显著高于白肉苹果,尤其是‘红勋5号’,果肉花青苷含量可达1.427 mg/g (FW).HPLC测定红肉苹果绿原酸和表儿茶素含量是白肉苹果的4～6倍;红肉苹果总氨基酸量和必需氨基酸量高于白肉苹果,尤其是‘红勋5号’,果皮和果肉总氨基酸含量分别是‘嘎啦’的1.333和1.572倍.‘新疆2号’和‘红勋5号’2个红肉苹果品种钙、钾、铁、锌、镍元素含量均高于白肉苹果.%The nutrient components and active substances of five red flesh apple varieties / strains and white flesh apple'Gala'were determined and analyzed by spectrophotometer,HPLC and amino acid analysis.The results showed that the contents of total flavonoids and total phenols in young leaves and flowers of red flesh apple were the same as those in'Gala';the content of total phenols and total flavonoids in mature flesh were significantly higher than those of white flesh apple;the contents of anthocyanin of red flesh apples were significantly higher than those of white flesh apple in different organs and during different developmental period of fruit,especially'Hongxun No.5',the content of anthocyanin reached 1.427 mg/g (FW).The content of chlorogenic acid and epicatechin by HPLC Showed higher than white flesh apple,respectively,which was 4～6 times as high as that in'Gala'.The total amino acid content and essential amino acid content of red flesh apples were higher than those of white flesh apple,especially'Hongxun No.5'.The total amino acid contents of peel and flesh were 1.333 and1.572 times as high as those in o'Gala',respectively.The contents of calcium,potassium,iron,zinc and nickel in two red flesh apples were higher than those in white flesh apple.