关于马克思重建个人所有制问题的再认识——从“生产资料论”与“消费资料论”的争论谈起

摘要

There is a lot of controversy about how to understand the concept of Marx＇s rebuilding individual ownership among scholars. They couldn＇t come to an agreement in which whether the real target of rebuilding the individual ownership lies in production material or consumption material. Both being reasonable in some aspects, but at the same time they have limitations. In order to really grasp the connotation of individual ownership we should master the proper relationship between joint possession and individual possession; production material and consumption material, we should understand the Marx＇s Individual Ownership from historical and dialectical perspective. At the same time the basic spirits of the Marxism and the needs of our society are very important to understand the concept of Marx＇s individual ownership.%目前关于马克思重建个人所有制内涵的争论甚多，其主要分歧最终可以归结为马克思主张重建的是生产资料个人所有制还是消费资料个人所有制，这两种观点都有自己合理的一面，但同时都有其局限性，或忽视消费资料占有的相对独立性，或忽视生产资料占有的决定性作用。要真正把握马克思重建个人所有制的深刻内涵，就必须准确把握共同占有与个人所有、生产资料与消费资料的关系；必须以历史的辩证的态度对待马克思的个人所有制思想，即结合马克思主义的人的自由而全面发展的基本精神和当前社会发展的需要来科学地认识马克思的个人所有制思想。