近年来, 环保督察在全国范围内普遍开展.然而学界对环保督察在基层如何运作还缺少深入研究.论文以H省S县迎接环保督察为例, 阐释地方政府和环保部门在环保督察带来的压力下, 如何进行组织调适以应对迎检任务.案例分析发现, 地方政府进行了一系列的组织调适, 具体表现在:设立领导小组以提升环保事权, 通过网格化传导环保责任;以环保局为协调主体, 整合横向部门间资源;环保局内设专门临时小组迎接检查.从结果上看, 基层政府和环保部门进行了组织结构的调适, 环保部门一改原来相对弱势的形象, 职权得到扩展, 地位得以提升, 并且这些转变有一部分正在以常规化、制度化的形式保留下来.本轮中央机构改革中组建生态环保部的举措亦将有助于地方环保部门扩权的制度化.%Over the past several years, China's central government has conducted environmental inspection nationwide. But, few studies have investigated how environmental inspection operates at the grassroots level, and how local governments respond to environmental inspection. Taking S County in H Province as a case, this paper illustrates how local governments respond to top-down pressure. This study found that S county government made three strategic organizational adaptations. First, S county set up leading groups at the county-level and distributed responsibility among officials and departments by grids. Second, as the responsible unit, the local Environmental Protection Bureau playedthe role of coordinator and was, thus, able to integrate more horizontal inter-departmental resources to implement environmental protection policies. Third, the local Environmental Protection Bureau adopted a temporary measure to deploy special units to respond to the environmental inspection. By taking these organizational adaptations, the local Environmental Protection Bureau received more support from government, and environmental protection was given higher priority among various government agendas.Some of these temporary, "campaign-style " measures also became normalized and institutionalized, benefiting environmental protection work in the long run. The latest central administrative reform, a new Ministry of Ecological Environment, will help make these adaptations more institutionalized.
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