中山市2011-2015年儿童手足口病流行病学调查及分子病原学研究

摘要

目的:研究中山市2011-2015年儿童手足口病流行特征,为防控儿童手足口病的发生提供依据.方法:回顾性分析中山市博爱医院2011-2015年手足口病患儿临床资料,及其肠道病毒核酸检测结果.结果:2011-2015年共诊断手足口病患儿31164例,男女比例为1.62:1.每年发病的高峰不尽相同.共收集手足口病患儿标本10147例进行EV71和CoxA16检测,检出阳性2062例,总阳性率为20.32%.2011-2013年、2015年手足口病病原体主要以EV71为流行趋势,分别占当年总阳性的79.04%、72.46%、81.60%、73.73%;2014年手足口病病原体主要以CoxA16为流行趋势,占当年总阳性的54.47%.不同年份间EV71和CoxA16阳性差异有统计学意义.重复感染手足口病患儿有1982例,占6.36%.结论:中山市儿童手足口病的发病与年龄、性别、季节有关,病例主要以临床诊断为主,给出针对性的预防措施和及时的临床识别,将有助于儿童手足口病的治疗和控制.%Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of chil-dren in Zhongshancity from 2011 to 2015 and provide etiological evident for the prevention and control of Hand -Foot -Mouth Disease of children in Zhongshan city. Methods We analyzed the data of children with Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Zhongshan Boai 's Hospital from 2011 to 2015. The enterovirus nucleic acid of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseaseof children were detected. Results Atotal of 31164 cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease were diagnosed in Zhongshan Boai′s Hospital during 2011-2015,the ratio of male to female was 1.62:1. Every year,the peak inci-dence of the disease is not the same. During 2011-2015,there were 10147 cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseaseof children,among which,through viral nucleic acid EV71and CoxA16testing,2062 cases were positive and the positve rate was 20.32%. Pathogen of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseasewas mainly based on EV71 in 2011,2012, 2013and2015,accounting for the total positive rate of 79.04%,72.46%,81.60%,73.73%respectively;Pathogen of Hand -Foot -Mouth Diseasewas mainly based on Cox16 in 2014,accounted for 54.47% of the total positive. In different years EV71 and CoxA16 positive rate was significant different.There were 1982 cases repeated Hand-Foot-MouthDiseaseinfectioins .Conclusion The incidence of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of children is related to age , sex and season in Zhongshan city. It is mainly based on clinical diagnosis ,the preventive measures and the clinical recognition in time to provide help for the treatment and control of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of children.