玩耍与游戏是理解竞技的基础。研究从玩耍与游戏的区别入手，指出我国学者对两个概念混用，不了解国外的研究现状，从而提出了一些不能与国际接轨的学术观点。指出应区分玩耍与游戏；动物可以玩耍，只有人类才参加游戏；胡伊青加的游戏论不足以反驳竞技本质游戏论。反本质主义的立场已经受到多人的驳斥，不足以成为竞技本质研究的绊脚石。最后介绍了西方学者对玩耍和游戏研究的成果，指出游戏转化为竞技的条件。%Play and game are the basics to understand competition. Starting with the difference between play and game, the authors pointed out that scholars in China had mixed up these two concepts, failed to know about the cur-rent state of oversea research, thus put forward some academic viewpoints which were internationally incompatible. The authors pointed out the followings:play and game should be differentiated:animals can play, but only human being can play a game;Huizinga’s game theory was inadequate to rebut the theory of“the essence of competition is game”;the standpoint of anti-essentialism had been refuted by many people, was inadequate to become a stumbling block in the study of the essence of competition. Finally, the authors introduced achievements made by western scholars in play and game research, and pointed out the conditions for a game to turn into a competition.
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