4周游泳训练对db/db小鼠脂肪组织巨噬细胞介导炎症的影响

摘要

观察4周游泳训练对db/db小鼠内脏脂肪组织巨噬细胞介导的慢性炎症的影响，探讨运动抗炎的作用机制。将db/db小鼠和同窝野生小鼠各16只随机分为相应的对照组(WC、DC)和运动组(WE，DE)。小鼠进行4周每天1 h、每周5 d的游泳运动。各组小鼠取附睾脂肪分离附睾脂肪组织基质血管部分细胞(SVCs)，流式细胞术检测SVCs F4/80+CD11b+CD11c+和F4/80+CD11b+ CD11c-巨噬细胞；RT-PCR检测炎症相关基因表达。结果显示db/db小鼠体质量、附睾脂肪含量、空腹血糖(FBG)、SVCs数量、SVCs中 F4/80+CD11b+巨噬细胞数量及其百分数、F4/80+CD11b+CD11c+巨噬细胞数量及其百分数均显著升高(P﹤0.05)；附睾脂肪TNF-α、IL-6、iNOS、F4/80、CD11c mRNA表达显著升高(P﹤0.05)；IL-10、CD206、Arg1 mRNA表达显著下降(P﹤0.05)。4周游泳训练显著提高db/db 小鼠体质量(P﹤0.05)；附睾脂肪含量无显著差异；FBG、SVCs数量， SVCs中F4/80+CD11b+巨噬细胞数量及其百分数，F4/80+CD11b+巨噬细胞中CD11c+巨噬细胞数量及其百分数显著下降(P﹤0.05)。附睾脂肪TNF-α、IL-6、iNOS、F4/80、CD11c mRNA表达显著下降(P﹤0.05)；IL-10、CD206、Arg1 mRNA表达显著升高(P﹤0.05)。4周游泳训练对野生型小鼠各项参数变化无显著差异。结果说明：1) db/db小鼠附睾脂肪M1型促炎性巨噬细胞增加，炎症因子基因表达提高；2)4周游泳训练有效降低db/db小鼠附睾脂肪巨噬细胞浸润，降低M1型巨噬细胞，提高M2型巨噬细胞表型，降低脂肪组织炎症水平。%The authors observed the effects of 4-week swimming training on visceral fat tissue chronic inflammation mediated by macrophages in db/db mice, and probed into the working mechanism of exercise-induced anti-inflammation. The authors randomly divided 16 db/db mice and 16 wild littermate mice into corresponding control groups (WC and DC) and exercise groups (WE and DE), let the mice swim 1 hour a day, 5 days a week, for 4 weeks, took epididymis fat pads out of the mice in various groups, separated stromal vascular fraction cells (SVCs) of epididymis fat tissues, analyzed SVCs F4/80+CD11b+CD11c+ and F4/80+CD11b+CD11c- macrophages by means of flow cytometry, determined inflammation related gene expressions by means of RT-PCR, and revealed the following findings: db/db mice’s body mass, epididymis fat content, fasting blood glucose (FBG), SVCs number, F4/80+CD11b+ macrophage number and its percentage in SVCs, F4/80+CD11b+ CD11c+ macrophages number and its percentage increased significantly (P<0.05), their epididymis fat TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, F4/80 and CD11c mRNA expression increased significantly (P<0.05), their epididymis fat IL-10, CD206 and Arg1 mRNA expression de-creased significantly (P<0.05); the 4-week swimming training significantly increased db/db mice’s body mass (P<0.05), did not significantly change their epididymis fat content, significantly decreased their FBG, SVCs number, F4/80+CD11b+ macrophage number and its percentage in SVCs, CD11c+ macrophage number and its percentage in F4/80+CD11b+ macrophages (P<0.05), significantly decreased their epididymis fat TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, F4/80, CD11c mRNA expression (P<0.05), and significantly increased their IL-10, CD206 and ARG1mRNA expression (P<0.05); the 4-week swimming training did not significantly change various indexes of wild mice. The said find-ings indicate the followings: 1) as type M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages in epididymis fat of db/db mice in-creases, inflammatory cytokines gene expression increases; 2) the 4-week swimming training effectively reduced the infiltration of macrophages in epididymis fat of db/db mice, reduced type M1 macrophages, promoted type M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype, thus lowered fat tissue inflammation level.