Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Agriculture;
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute;
Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;
Qingdao 266071;
China;
Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes;
Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology;
Qingdao 266235;
China;
Fisheries College;
Ocean University of China;
Qingdao 266003;
China;
common environmental effect; heritability; Litopenaeus vannamei; parentage assignment;