通用飞机高升力层流翼型优化设计研究

摘要

针对某型通用飞机设计状态,基于自由变形(FFD)技术参数化方法以及NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法进行了高升力层流翼型的优化设计.优化以GAW-1翼型为基础出发,考虑前后梁对厚度的要求,对偏重巡航、爬升特性设计了所需的高升力层流翼型,并对进一步考虑失速特性的翼型优化设计进行了分析.设计过程考虑自然转捩工况,使用Menter k-ω SST两方程湍流模型和γ-Reθt转捩模型对设计进行评估,并对先优化后缩比厚度和直接按照目标厚度优化的翼型气动特性进行对比.设计结果表明,优化的翼型满足层流设计要求,在优化系列厚度翼型时使用优化好的翼型作为基础翼型,可以提升优化的效率,所提出的方法可为通用航空飞机高升力层流翼型设计提供参考.%Under the design state of certain general aircraft, the laminar optimization design is performaed based on free-form deformation(FFD) parametric method amnd the NSGA-Ⅱ multiobjective optimization n calibration under natural transition condition, with Menter k-ω SST two equation turbulence model and γ-Reθt transition model applied to transition prediction.Besides, comparisons between direct and scaled 2d geometric optimization are conducted and aerodynamic characteristics of optimized airfoils are also discussed in the present paper.The results show that the optimized airfoil meets the design requirements, optimization for the thickness of the optimized airfoil can promote efficiency.The optimization design method proposed in this paper can provide reference for the high-lift laminar airfoil design of general aircraft.