试验采用二因素试验设计，选取12头胎次、体况相近的母猪(民猪、长白猪各6头)进行纯种繁育，旨在探讨哺乳期母猪蛋白限饲对子代肉质及肌纤维发育的影响，每个品种母猪随机分为两组，在哺乳期饲喂不同蛋白水平日粮(对照组日粮蛋白水平为18％，限饲组日粮蛋白水平为9％)，哺乳期为28 d，子代断奶后饲喂相同的标准日粮。测定子代猪180日龄的肉质指标及28和180日龄的肌纤维横截面积。结果显示，母猪哺乳期蛋白限饲极显著地降低了后代28日龄肌纤维面积(P＜0.01)，180日龄时低蛋白组肌纤维面积仍显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)，两猪种变化趋势相同，但对长白猪影响显著(P＜0.05)，而对民猪的影响未达到显著水平(P＞0.05)；哺乳期母体蛋白限饲对子代背最长肌肉色和pH的影响不显著(P＞0.05)，但极显著地降低了滴水损失和剪切力值(P＜0.01)，其中，对长白猪的影响显著(P＜0.05)，而对民猪的影响不显著(P＞0.05)。研究结果表明，母猪哺乳期蛋白限饲可显著降低后代肌纤维面积，从而改变子代出栏时肉质性状；哺乳期母体效应对后代猪肌纤维发育存在长期的影响，子代并未表现出明显的补偿效应；母体的影响在不同猪种间表现出一定程度的差异性。%The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of maternal protein restriction during lactation on meat quality and muscle fiber of offsprings. Twelve (6 Min pigs and 6 Landrace) multi-parity sows with similar body condition and parity were chosen for the experiment, and they were purely mated to Min pig or Landrace boars, respectively. Sows were divided into two groups during lactation, and received a diet of either 18% or 9% protein. Offspring pigs were weaned at 28 d of age and fed with a standard diet. The meat quality traits of longissimus muscle of offsprings on 180 d and muscle fiber cross-sectional area of them on 28 d and 180 d were determined. The results showed that maternal protein restriction during lactation decreased muscle fiber area of offsprings on 28 d (P0.05). Maternal protein restriction during lactation decreased the drip loss and shear force of longissimus muscle of offsprings at 180 d of age (P0.05). However, meat color and pH of offsprings were not affected by treatments (P>0.05). The results indicated that maternal protein restriction during lactation exerted a long-term effecton muscle fiber development, and no significant compensation effect was observed in offsprings. The meat quality of offsprings were also affected by maternal effects at 180 d. The maternal effect showed some differences in breeds.
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