不同机种不同体训方法对海军飞行员体测效果观察

摘要

目的：比较不同机种不同体训方法对海军飞行员体测效果。方法按照数字表法随机选取来我院疗养的100名海军飞行员，按照训练方法的不同分为甲、乙2组。甲组采取的体训方案为：不区分机种类型进行体训，包括无氧和有氧训练，无重点倾向。乙组根据学员分配机种不同类型，进行针对性训练：其中歼击机类，重点训练飞行员下肢和腹部肌肉爆发力，包括负重深蹲起立、仰卧起坐、深蹲高跳等能增强下肢和腹部肌肉爆发力的训练项目（无氧训练）；运输机类，重点训练有氧耐力，项目包括3000 m跑、游泳等增加身体有氧耐力的训练项目（有氧训练）。结果乙组学员无论是歼击机类还是运输机类在肺部通气量、潮气量、血液中红细胞、血红蛋白数值、肺部最大摄氧量及心功能指数上，对比甲组学员，在训练1、2个月后差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05），而训练3个月后，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论对不同机种海军飞行员采取不同体训方法，要比采取相同体训方法的效果具有优越性。%Objective To compare the effects of different physical training methods on the physical examination results of naval aviators flying different types of aircraft .Methods One hundred naval aviation cadets who stayed in the sanitarium were selected for the study, and were randomly divided into group A and group B , in accordance with different training methods .The physical training protocol for group A was as follows:physical training including anaerobic training and aerobic training was conducted without distinction of aircraft types and tendency of training emphasis .The cadets of group B received orientational training in accordance with different types of aircraft they were designated to .For the aviators of fighter planes , the focuses of training were the lower limbs and abdominal muscle explosive force, including training items such as weight-bearing deep squat stand-ups, sit-ups, deep squat high jumps that could enhance the lower-limb and abdominal muscle explosive force ( anaerobic training ) .For the aviators of transports , the focus of training was aerobic training , including such items as the 3000-meter race and swimming that could improve their aerobic endurance ( aerobic training ) .Results For the cadets of group B , no matter whether they flew fighters or transports , no statistical significance could be seen in the levels of pulmonary ventilation volume and tidal volume , as well as red blood cell and hemoglobin counts , as compared with those of group A , after 1-2 months of training (P >0.05).However, after 3 months of training, statistical significance could be found in them (P <0.05). Conclusion For aviators flying different types of aircraft , different physical training methods should be adopted .From the stand-point of efficiency, it was more advantageous for the aviators flying different types of aircraft to adopt different physical training methods .