基于光学敏感器增强脉冲星导航系统性能

摘要

This paper studies the X-ray pulsar-based navigation (XNAV)method for spacecrafts based on the difference be-tween the measured and predicated pulse arrival times,which is calculated by comparing an observed pulse profile with a stand-ard pulse profile in practice.It is specified that the performance of the XNAV system may be degraded in the presence of space-craft orbit error.To cope with this problem,a novel navigation scheme is presented by integrating the autonomous optical navi-gation and the XNAV.The XNAV/optical integrated navigation system is effective to enhance the navigation performance in the case that the spacecraft orbit error is rather large.The superiority of the presented integrated navigation method is illustrated through numerical simulations.%本文研究增强 X 射线脉冲星导航系统性能的方法。脉冲星导航系统以通过 X 射线探测器测量得到的和通过脉冲星时间模型预测得到的脉冲到达时间之差作为观测量，信号处理过程中，脉冲到达时间差通过观测脉冲轮廓和标准脉冲轮廓的比对来计算。由于构造观测脉冲轮廓需要用到航天器位置信息，脉冲星导航系统的定位性能会受到航天器初始位置误差的影响。为了解决这一问题，提出采用基于“脉冲星＋光学”的组合导航方法，将紫外导航敏感器测量信息引入脉冲星导航系统，该方法能够在航天器初始位置误差较大的情况下，显著改善 TOA 测定精度和导航系统性能。通过数学仿真和对比研究验证了所设计的组合导航方法的有效性。