大型复合材料空间刚架缩比模型设计方法

摘要

缩比模型试验是获取大型复合材料空间刚架力学特性或响应的一种有效途径,其中一项重要内容是缩比模型设计.以大型复合材料空间刚架为研究对象,阐述已有传统方法的局限性;基于离散相似提出结合有限元方法的方程分析法,利用该方法推导大型复合材料空间刚架静力学响应和动特性的相似关系;利用所提方法设计某复合材料龙骨的1/5缩比模型,并通过试验进行验证.验证结果表明,所提方法和推导的相似关系能够用于指导大型复合材料空间刚架的缩比模型试验.%Scale model test is an effective approach to obtain mechanical characteristics or response of large composite spatial frame, in which the design of scale model is one of the most important parts.Large composite spatial frame was taken as the object.The limitation of the existing traditional methods was elaborated; based on the discrete similarity, the equational analysis method combing the finite element method was proposed; the similarity relationship for static response and dynamic characteristics of large composite spatial frame was deduced by this method ; the 1/5 scale model of a composite keel was designed by the proposed method and was verified through experiments.The verification result shows that the proposed method and the deduced similarity relationships can be used to guide the scale model test of large composite spatial frame.