假装游戏与儿童发展：观点、争论与展望

摘要

Pretend play is indispensible to children's growth. There is a close relationship between children's pretend play and their personal development,but there are still many disputes regarding the direction and the possible cause for their connection. In this paper,the relationship between children's pretend play and their non-social cognition,social cognition and social skills are discussed,and the relevant evidence and academic disputes are presented. Considering some problems existing in current research,some possible directions of future research are put forward in the theoretical,experimental and application areas,namely:Whether and how could a unified framework or theory be established?How to strike a balance between the experimental control and the real situation?And how to evaluate the influence and the impact of pretend play?%假装游戏是儿童成长过程中必然出现的一种特殊游戏类型，它与儿童发展之间存在着密切联系，但对于这种联系的方向和可能原因尚存在诸多争议。文章重点讨论了假装与非社会性认知发展、社会认知以及社交技能之间的关系，列举出已有研究所呈现的相关论据与学术争议，并针对当前研究存在的一些问题，提出了对今后的研究从理论、实验与实践应用等方面可能突破的方向，如能否以及如何建立统一的解释框架或理论的问题，如何在实验控制与真实情境间求得平衡的问题，以及如何更好地评估假装游戏的影响与作用等问题。