高湿地区不同海拔人群鼻腔nuc-mecA基因定植研究

摘要

目的：调查高湿地区不同海拔高度世居人群鼻腔内 nuc-mecA基因定植情况，为高原高湿地区金黄色葡萄球菌及甲氧西林耐药病原菌的防治和抗生素的合理使用提供数据。方法收集1000 m，1200 m和1400 m三个不同海拔高度人群鼻拭子样本，采用多通道实时荧光 PCR技术检测其鼻腔 nuc-mecA基因，比较不同海拔高度人群鼻腔 nuc 基因及mecA基因差异。结果1000 m，1200 m和1400 m三个不同海拔高度地区人群鼻腔内nuc基因定植率分别为4.878％，2.899％和7.143％，差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。1000 m，1200m和1400 m三个海拔高度地区人群鼻腔 mecA基因定植率分别为：14.634％，31.884％和41.837％。海拔1000 m人群与海拔1200 m人群相比，其鼻腔内mecA基因定植率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；海拔1000 m人群与海拔1400 m人群相比，其鼻腔内mecA基因定植率差异有统计学显著性意义（P＜0.01）。1000 m，1200 m 和1400 m 三个海拔高度地区人群鼻腔 nuc-mecA 基因定植率分别为：0％，1.449％和3.061％，差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。结论随着海拔的升高，耐甲氧西林mecA基因在鼻腔内的定植显著增多。较高海拔地区居民应注意保持鼻腔等病原菌易定植部位的清洁，患病后应及时去医院就诊，不擅自使用抗生素；医务人员应合理谨慎使用抗菌药物，避免抗生素的滥用和过度医疗。%Objective To investigate the carriage of nuc-mecA gene among different altitudes in high humidity district,provid-ed guiding data for prevention of staphylococcus aureus and drug-resistant bacteria,standardizing the usage for antibiotics. Methods The nose swabs were collected in different altitudes:1 000 m,1 200 m and 1 400 m,nuc-mecAgene was confirmed by multi-channel real-time PCR.Results The carrier of nuc gene in the noses were 4.878%,2.899% and 7.143%,in 1 000 m,1 200 m and 1 400 m respectively,and there were no statistical significant among the altitudes (P>0.05).The carrier of mecA gene were 14.634%,31.884% and 41.837% in the 1 000 m,1 200 m and 1 400 m respectively,the difference showed statistical significe (P<0.05).The carrying rate of mecA gene showed statistically significant differences between 1 000 m and 1 200 m (P<0.05),and showed statistically significant differences between 1 000 m and 1 400 m (P<0.01)also.The carrier of nuc-mecA gene were 0%,1.449% and 3.061% in 1 000 m,1 200 m and 1 400 m respectively,there were no statis-tical significant (P>0.05).Conclusion The carrier of mecA gene in noses was increased with the increasing of the altitude. The residents who living at higher altitude should keep the colonization sites of pathogens clean,and needed timely medical when got sick,shouldn’t abuse the antibiotics without authorization.Medical staff should rational use of antibiotic drugs,a-voided overusing of antibiotics and overtreatment.