养分管理对农田土壤微生物量的影响

摘要

Soil microorganisms are closely related to soil quality, soil health, plant productivity and agricultural sus-tainable development.Any disturbance on soil microbes could affect a long-term productivity of the soil, and it might have serious consequences.Numerous results of studies showed that the type, period, level and mode of fertilizer ap-plication could change the composition of the soil, thereby affect soil microbial growth and reproduction.This paper briefly introduced several determination methods for microbial biomass and reviewed the influence of nutrient manage-ments on soil microbial biomass in farmland eco-system, so as to understand the changes of soil quality under different soil nutrient management caused by the human exploitation on soil, to expect and to provide theoretic bases for the ag-ricultural sustainable development and ecological environment protection.%土壤微生物与土壤质量、健康、植物的生产力和农业的可持续发展密切相关。任何对土壤中微生物的扰动都可能影响土壤的长期生产力，并可能产生严重后果。大量研究结果表明，肥料类型、施肥处理年限长短、施肥水平高低及施肥措施都会造成土壤成分的变化，进而影响土壤中微生物的生长以及繁殖。简要介绍了微生物量的几种测定方法，综述了各种养分管理措施对农田生态系统中土壤微生物量的影响，从而了解土壤微生物因人类对土壤的利用而发生的变化，以期为农业的可持续发展和生态环境的保护提供理论依据。